Laporan LT

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

            A great appreciation was dedicated to Allah SWT because of the opportunity and good health that he has given.  Shalawat for our Prophet Muhammad SAW

Finally, this assignment has been finished by the writer. For the knowledge, instruction, and help from Dr. Baso Jabu, M. Hum., as the lecturer of English Language Testing, the writer said thank you very much.

            Deepest thank was dedicated to Drs. Suardi, on the name of the headmaster of SMA Negeri 9 Makassar, and Irmawati S.Pd. for the chance that has been given to the writer in doing the observation. To students of X2, thanks for the cooperation.

My best regard was also I dedicated for my best friends Husnul Luthfiah, thank you for accompanying me everytime. Also A.Marwan Paris, and Muh.Munir Muslimin, thanks. And all my classmates in English Education A.

                                                                                    Makassar, June 15^th, 2011

   

                                  Surya Pradaningrat

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

For a whole semester we have learned theory about ELT, some patterns and formulas also the aim of this course. Now it is the time to practice the formulas and theories given. English language test is designed to measure how far understanding of students dealing with English. The test was administered to properly find out students’ competence and performance in that language. The test is composed based on the learned material taught in junior high school level. It comprises of several elements involve the four language skills and two language areas. The four language skills tested to students are listening, speaking, reading and writing while the two language areas include vocabulary and grammar tests. Each item of the test is chosen based on the school level curriculum (KTSP) applied in school.

Type of the text administered was a progress test. The aim of this test was to measure the extent of teaching and learning English during the semester. A progress test was selected as this test tended to help teachers of English to explicitly find out how far the students had progressed in the mean time before an evaluation test conducted. This test revealed students progress in competence and performance toward the subject.

The administered test beside to have students progress also entails their cognitive domains. When the test conducted the students should recall what they have learned dealing with certain topics provided in the test. They postulated their understanding or comprehension toward subject matter taught in the classroom. This activity indirectly enlarged the span of discrepancy of the long term saved memory that results in better learning process.

Also this paper is an obligatory to pass English Language Testing course. Though it is rather difficult to complete it,but hopefully it can be accepted as the final assignment.

CHAPTER II

TEST SPECIFICATIONS

                    In this chapter there are 50 questions given to the students on X grade students senior high school. The questions build up by these test specifications. Here they are:

a.       The first part is about listening comprehension. They will listen two passages, and answer the questions given. This part includes 10 numbers.

b.      The second part is about reading comprehension.There will be a short text, then the students tend to answer quetions relate to the text given. This part includes 10 numbers.

c.       The third part is about writing. In this part the students have to complete the text given. This part includes 10 numbers.

d.       Then, next is about grammar. Here, the students have to answer the questions given about grammar with an appropriate choice. This part includes 9 numbers.

e.        Next, is speaking comprehension. There are several kinds of questions, which the students have to choose the appropriate utterances. This part includes 5 numbers.

f.        Last, vocabulary questions to measure whether the students know the correct words to answer the questions. This part includes 6 numbers.

CHAPTER III

THE CONSTRUCTED TEST, ANSWER KEYS, AND SCORING RUBRIC

The Constructed Test

Answer the questions correctly

1. Where was the man coming from when he first saw the UFO?
A. He was returning home from a party.
B. He just got off work when he saw the UFO.
C. He was driving home from a restaurant.

2. What time did the man report the incident to the police?
A. about 12:00 AM
B. about 3:00 AM
C. about 5:00 AM

3. What jumped out in front of the man's car?
A. a giant deer
B. a strange man
C. a hairy alien

4. What happened next to the man?
A. He walked to a flying saucer.
B. He followed the animal to a plane.
C. He was carried to a spaceship.

5. What does the police officer suggest at the end of the story?
A. They should call the fire department.
B. The man should seek counseling.
C. The man should contact the newspaper.

6. Where does the young girl want to go with her father?
A. to the park
B. to the movies
C. to the swimming pool

7. Who are they going with?
A. the girl's mother
B. the girl's best friend
C. the girl's older brother

8. Based on the conversation, what time will they most likely leave?
A. 9:30 AM
B. 12:45 PM
C. 2:00 PM

9. What does the girl want to do later?
A. She wants to walk to the ice cream store.
B. She wants to swim at the park.
C. She wants to go down to the beach.

10. What does the father suggest they do at the end of the day?
A. go to a restaurant
B. watch a fireworks display
C. play a board game

In very cold parts of the world, scientist study the past. They find animals frozen in the ice. The animals look alive, but they are not. They were frozen many years ago.

Russian scientist found a large animal called a mastodon in the ice. It looked like an elephant. But it was larger, and it had lots of hair. In fact, the elephant is the mastodon’s younger cousin.

In 1984, American scientists were working near the North Pole. They found the body of a man frozen in the ice. This man went to the North Pole in 1846. He died, and his friends buried him in the ice. Today, his body looks the same. It did not change at all in the ice.

These facts interest doctors. They have some patients who are very sick. No one can help these patients. But some day there may be a new medicine for them. These doctors want to save people for the future. Maybe patients can be frozen until there is medicine to help them.

11.    Scientists are studying the past _____.

a.       in the ice b.       in the laboratory

c.       in 1948 d.       in Russia

12.    Russian scientists found_____.

a.       a man in the ice b.       a small mastodon

c.       it was too cold d.       a big animal

13.    American scientists worked _____.

a.       in Russia b.       in the laboratory

c.       close to the pole d.       with the mastodon

14.    Doctors think frozen bodies _____.

a.       are too cold b.       are near the North Pole

c.       are interesting d.       are mastodon

15.     They in 1^st line refers to _____.

a.       the past b.       the ice

c.       scientists d.       animals

16.    How long did the man bury in the ice?

a.       45 years b.       138 years

c.       38 years d.       148 years

17.    What happened to the man before?

a.       he was buried alive b.       he died in the ice

c.       he didn’t change d.       he was buried in the ice

18.    Mastodon is elephant’s _____.

a.       cousin b.       uncle

c.       nephew d.       brother

19.     Them in the last line refers to _____.

a.       the patient b.       doctor

c.       scientists d.       patients

20.    What is the best title for the passage?

a.       Scientist in North Pole b.       Mastodon and the Man

c.       Bodies on Ice d.       Doctors and Their Patients

Suharto, born in 1921, was the second president of Indonesia (1968-1998), who _____(21) the country’s _____ (22) economic growth and emergence as a regional power. Born to a peasant family in Kemusu, a _____(23) near the city of Yogyakarta in central Java (then under Dutch control), Suharto had an _____(24) childhood. His parents’ marriage _____(25) before he was two years old, and he _____(26) variously by each of his _____(27) parents and by relatives in other villages and towns _____(28) Yogyakarta. Suharto _____(29) local Javanese schools, _____(30) for a short time in a village bank, and joined the Dutch colonial army in 1940.

21.     

a.    was brought up b.    brought up

c.       brings up d.      is bringing

22.     

a.    unsettle b.    unsettled

c.       unsettling d.      unset

23.     

a.    village b.    town

c.       resort d.      city

24.     

a.    enjoy b.    harsh

c.       unprecedented d.      hurt

25.     

a.    breaking up b.    break up

c.       have broken up d.      broke up

26.     

a.    oversee b.    oversaw

c.       overseen d.      oversees

27.     

a.    unmarry b.    married

c.       no marry d.      remarried

28.     

a.    around b.    near

c.       close d.      at

29.     

a.    entered b.    joined

c.       studied d.      attended

30.     

a.    worked b.    working

c.       works d.      have worked

31.    At around two years of age, many children regularly produce sentences _____ three or four words.

a.       are containing b.       containing

c.       contain d.       contains

32.    Yeast is an organic catalyst _____ known to prehistoric humanity.

a.    was b.    which was

c.       which it d.      which

33.    The Brooklyn Bridge _____ took thirteen years to complete.

a.    in New York b.    is in New York

c.       it is in New York d.      which New York

34.    On the average, a healthy heart _____ to pump five tablespoons of blood with every beat.

a.    must b.    ought

c.       can d.      should

35.    My friend told me that he _____hungry.

a.    is b.    has

c.       was d.      does

36.    If you don’t leave now, you won’t _____ your train.

a.    catch b.    get

c.       find d.      take

37.    If endangered species _____ saved, rain forest must be protected.

a.    are to be b.    be

c.       can be d.      will be

38.    Domestic cats often show loyalty to their owners by leaving freshly killed prey such as bird for _____ to find.

a.    they b.    he

c.       them d.      their

39.    More murders are reported_____ December in USA than during any other month.

a.    on b.    in

c.       at d.      for

40.    (1) A: Yes, I do. Who do I need to talk to?

(2) B: You can talk to me. Just wait here a moment while I get my papers.

(3) A: Yes, please. I’d like to register for a Jobseeker’s Allowance.

(4) B: Good morning, miss. Can I help you?

(5) A: I see. Well, the first thing you need to do is have a short interview. Do you have time for that now?

What’s the correct arrangement?

a.    4-5-1-3-2 b.    4-3-5-1-2

c.       4-3-1-2-5 d.      4-3-1-5-2

Husnul : Morning, Surya. ______________(41)?

Surya   : ___________________(42). In fact, I wish I hadn’t got up this morning.

Husnul : Why’s that?

Surya   : I think I’ve just done something very stupid.

Husnul : ________________(43)?

Surya     : Well, I gave my ATM number and PIN to woman in the phone. She said I’d won a prize and need it to send me the money.

Husnul : You idiot!

Surya   : Yeah, ___________________(44).

41.     

a.    Who are you b.    How’s your day

c.       What’s new d.      Are you okay

42.     

a.    I’m very good b.    Yes, I’m fine

c.       Terribly bad d.      I’m feeling not bad.

43.     

a.    Really b.    What do you mean

c.       Tell me d.      Why

44.     

a.    I wish I hadn’t done that b.    I wish I had been so stupid

c.       I wish I’m fine d.      I wish I don’t give her my PIN number

45.    Husnul got married _____ Surya last year.

a.    with b.    to

c.       for d.      of

46.    The clock usually has two _____.

a.    hands b.    needles

c.       pointers d.      legs

47.    In school, you should _____ your shoes.

a.    use b.    bring

c.       wear d.      get

48.    A _____ is a very strong wind.

a.    typhoon b.    tornado

c.       hurricane d.      thunderstorm

49.    Some _____ broke the windows in the telephone box.

a.    Vandals b.    Burglars

c.       robbers d.      thieves

50.    Please _____ this letter to the post office.

a.    Bring b.    Buy

c.       take d.      make

Answer Keys

1	A	B	C	D	E	26	A	B	C	D	E
2	A	B	C	D	E	27	A	B	C	D	E
3	A	B	C	D	E	28	A	B	C	D	E
4	A	B	C	D	E	29	A	B	C	D	E
5	A	B	C	D	E	30	A	B	C	D	E
6	A	B	C	D	E	31	A	B	C	D	E
7	A	B	C	D	E	32	A	B	C	D	E
8	A	B	C	D	E	33	A	B	C	D	E
9	A	B	C	D	E	34	A	B	C	D	E
10	A	B	C	D	E	35	A	B	C	D	E
11	A	B	C	D	E	36	A	B	C	D	E
12	A	B	C	D	E	37	A	B	C	D	E
13	A	B	C	D	E	38	A	B	C	D	E
14	A	B	C	D	E	39	A	B	C	D	E
15	A	B	C	D	E	40	A	B	C	D	E
16	A	B	C	D	E	41	A	B	C	D	E
17	A	B	C	D	E	42	A	B	C	D	E
18	A	B	C	D	E	43	A	B	C	D	E
19	A	B	C	D	E	44	A	B	C	D	E
20	A	B	C	D	E	45	A	B	C	D	E
21	A	B	C	D	E	46	A	B	C	D	E
22	A	B	C	D	E	47	A	B	C	D	E
23	A	B	C	D	E	48	A	B	C	D	E
24	A	B	C	D	E	49	A	B	C	D	E
25	A	B	C	D	E	50	A	B	C	D	E

CHAPTER IV

ANALYSIS

1.      Frequency Distribution

The following table contains scores of a group of 39 students on a particular test consisting of 50 items. The table contains a frequency distribution showing the number of students who obtained each mark awarded; tallies, that the stroke representing the number of students obtaining the same scores; the frequency and the percentage of each score.

TABLE 1: The Frequency Distribution of Scores

No	Raw score	Final score	Tally	Frequency	Percentage
1	32	6.4	/	1	2.56
2	26	5.2	/	1	2.56
3	23	4.6	///	3	7.69
4	22	4.4	////	4	10.26
5	21	4.2	//	2	5.13
6	20	4.0	///	3	7.69
7	19	3.8	//	2	5.13
8	18	3.6	//	2	5.13
9	17	3.4	///// /	6	15.38
10	16	3.2	///// //	7	17.95
11	15	3.0	//	2	5.13
12	14	2.8	///	3	7.69
13	13	2.6	/	1	2.56
14	12	2.4	//	2	5.13
Total		53.6	39	39	100.00

2.      Measures of Central Tendency

a. Mode

The mode refers to the score which most candidates obtained, or the most frequent emergence of the same score. In this case, it is 3.2 as seven testees have score these marks.

b. Median

The median refers to the score gained by the middle candidate in the order of merit; the medium score in this case is 3.4

c. Mean

The mean score is the arithmetical average.

Mean X =

3.   Measures of dispersion

a. Range

One simple way of measuring the spread of marks is based on the difference between the highest and the lowest scores. Thus, if the highest score on a 50 items is 6,4 and the lowest is 2,4, the range from 2,4 to 6,4 is 4.

 (6,4 – 2,4 = 4).

b. Standard Deviation

It shows how all the scores are spread out and thus gives a fuller description of the test scores than the range.

Σd² = 25,20

s.d. = 0,80

3.      Validity and Reliability

Validity

           

Validity of a test is the extent to which it measures what is supposed to measure. We can show the tests to the colleagues for face validity, check whether the students respond in the way they are expected in doing the test for response validity.

Reliability

0.02

The result of this calculation was then analyzed using Spearman-Brown odd even model correlation to see the reliability of the test.

To interpret the test reliability, the resulted calculation (rtt) is the same or greater than 0.70, the evaluated test is highly reliable. Conversely, if the resulted calculation is smaller than 0.70, the evaluated test is not highly reliable. Therefore, the result of calculation, 0.04, is not reliable.

CHAPTER IV

RESULTS OF ANALYSIS

1. Analysis

         a. Item Difficulty

It shows how easy or difficult the particular item proved in the test. The difficult level is generally expressed as the fraction or percentage of the students who answered the item correctly

Item Difficulty

The index of difficulty:

§ 0,00 – 0,30          :   difficult

§ 0,31 – 0,70          :   normal

§ 0,71 – 1,00          :   very easy

          If the number of item is on level too difficult or too easy, it is not good to include them on the test.

IF  = 

IF is index of facility, UG represents the number of correct answers by upper group, LG by the lower group, and N the number of students taking the test. Here are the index of facility of the tested test

b. Item Discrimination

 The discrimination index of an item indicates the extent to which the item discriminates between the students, separating the more intelligent students from the less intelligent ones.

Item Discrimination

The index of discrimination:

§ High discrimination index      : +1,00-0,50

§ Low discrimination                 : 0,40 – 0,00

§  Negative discrimination          : (-0,10) – (-1,00 )

ID =    

Based on the result showed on the table above, it can be verified that the items 6, 11, 18, and 33 are inappropriate to be put in the future test as these items are very easy to students to answer. Besides, the items 3, 14, 20, 24, 28, 29, 30, 31, 34, 36, 38, 41, 44, 46, 48, 49 and 50 are also improper since these items are too difficult for students to answer.

2. Full Item Analysis

IF = 0,32 (normal)

ID = 0,11 (low discriminate)

IF = 0,58 (normal)

ID = 0,11 (low discriminate)

IF = 0,18 (difficult)

ID = 0,26 (low discriminate)

IF = 0,42 (normal)

ID = 0,53 (high discriminate)

IF = 0,55 (normal)

ID = 0,37 (low discriminate)

IF = 0,71 (very easy)

ID = 0,26 (low discriminate)

IF = 0,58 (normal)

ID = 0,21 (low discriminate)

IF = 0,32 (quite difficult)

ID = 0,00 (low discriminate)

IF = 0,82 (very easy)

ID = 0,16 (low discriminate)

IF = 0,45 (normal)

ID = 0,05 (low discriminate)

IF = 0,84 (very easy)

ID = 0,11 (low discriminate)

IF = 0,45 (normal)

ID = 0,26 (low discriminate)

IF = 0,63 (normal)

ID = 0,00 (low discriminate)

IF = 0,18 (too difficult)

ID = 0,16 (low discriminate)

IF = 0,32 (quite difficult)

ID = 0,21 (low discriminate)

IF = 0,39 (normal)

ID = 0,16 (low discriminate)

IF = 0,37 (normal)

ID = 0,32 (low discriminate)

IF = 0,84 (very easy)

ID = - 0,32 (negative discriminate)

IF = 0,37 (normal)

ID = 0,00 (low discriminate)

It is clearly seen from the full item analysis above that there are several numbers in the test are not appropriate to be tested to students. Most of them chose the definitely wrong distractors, this cause only a small numbers of them could correctly answer the questions. Therefore testers should be careful in composing test items in order that the test is not easy or too difficult for testees.

CHAPTER V

CONCLUSION

Based on the test analysis, which have been done, the writer can conclude that there are just five questions which are valid. The other questions are invalid. Some of them do not have effective choice, too difficult, too easy and discriminated in the wrong way.

In addition, there are several questions which are different with the material that have been taught by the teacher.

The analysis shows that the mean score is 18.31, standard deviation is 0.80. There are 45 improper questions and there are 5 proper questions.  The score of reliability is 0,04, which means that the evaluated test is not reliable.

From the analysis, we can say that in arranging the test, tester must make the questions based on the blue print and the questions must be appropriate with the material that has been taught by the teacher.